Illinois had 12,719,141 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −76,207 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.
Illinois, in five figures
12,719,141
Population
July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.
12,795,348
Population in July 2020
July 1, 2020, Vintage 2025 estimate.
−0.6%
Change since July 2020
−76,207 people.
39.0 ±0.1
Median age
ACS 2020–2024.
$83,390 ±$362
Median household income
ACS 2020–2024, in 2024 dollars.
Population, year by year
July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year’s change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from other states, with the Bureau’s small residual. The 2020 row’s components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.
Illinois shrank 0.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally
The July 1 estimate of Illinois's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — nation and states, with components of change
About this chart
The figures
Illinois shrank 0.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Illinois's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1
Population
Change
Index
United States
2020
12,795,348
not reported
100.0
100.0
2021
12,703,354
−91,994
99.3
100.2
2022
12,609,577
−93,777
98.5
100.7
2023
12,633,389
+23,812
98.7
101.6
2024
12,703,033
+69,644
99.3
102.5
2025
12,719,141
+16,108
99.4
103.1
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Population of Illinois on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1
Population
Change
Births
Deaths
From abroad
From other states
2020
12,795,348
−26,393
33,452
35,327
+507
−25,229
2021
12,703,354
−91,994
131,839
128,445
+11,432
−108,364
2022
12,609,577
−93,777
129,746
127,075
+51,733
−149,904
2023
12,633,389
+23,812
127,000
116,926
+94,146
−79,784
2024
12,703,033
+69,644
125,470
113,529
+111,121
−53,080
2025
12,719,141
+16,108
125,129
114,226
+44,752
−40,017
Every county in Illinois, July 2025
Largest first. The change and its parts are July 2020 to July 2025, the five full years. “From elsewhere” is net moves from other counties, in this state or another.
The median age is 39.0 ±0.1: for men 38.0 ±0.1 and for women 40.0 ±0.2. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).
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People in Illinois by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age
People
Share
United States
Under 5
691,211 ±779
5.4% ±<0.1
5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17
2,082,128 ±8,077
16.4% ±0.1
16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24
1,154,455 ±6,179
9.1% ±<0.1
9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44
3,414,259 ±7,833
26.9% ±0.1
26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64
3,196,531 ±7,602
25.2% ±0.1
24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over
2,156,214 ±9,155
17.0% ±0.1
17.2% ±<0.1
Income and poverty, 2020–2024
Median household income is $83,390 ±$362, and income per person $46,406 ±$212, in 2024 dollars. The median is $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.
Households by income
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Households in Illinois by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income
Households
Share
United States
Under $25,000
734,400 ±7,275
14.6% ±0.1
14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999
806,092 ±8,130
16.0% ±0.2
16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999
747,716 ±6,884
14.8% ±0.1
15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999
636,158 ±6,285
12.6% ±0.1
12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999
905,194 ±7,905
18.0% ±0.2
17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999
510,782 ±5,470
10.1% ±0.1
9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more
696,107 ±6,373
13.8% ±0.1
13.4% ±0.1
Poverty by age
The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).
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Poverty rate in Illinois by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age
Below poverty
Rate
United States
All ages
1,464,937 ±18,161
11.8% ±0.1
12.5% ±0.1
Under 18
413,342 ±7,043
15.1% ±0.2
16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59
745,185 ±10,184
11.0% ±0.1
11.6% ±0.1
60 and over
306,410 ±4,435
10.6% ±0.1
11.0% ±<0.1
Housing, 2020–2024
Housing in Illinois, ACS 2020–2024
Measure
Illinois
United States
Housing units
5,457,452 ±471
143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied
92.3% ±0.1
89.9% ±0.1
Vacant
7.7% ±0.1
10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied
67.1% ±0.3
65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied
32.9% ±0.2
34.8% ±0.1
Median home value
$263,300 ±$797
$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent
$1,274 ±$5
$1,413 ±$2
Median year built
1971 ±2
1980 ±1
Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.
Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024
Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.
Hispanic origin and race
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People in Illinois by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin
People
Share
United States
Hispanic or Latino
2,387,049 ±283
18.8% ±<0.1
19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic
7,370,665 ±3,871
58.1% ±<0.1
57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic
1,693,169 ±5,997
13.3% ±<0.1
11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic
754,004 ±3,408
5.9% ±<0.1
5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic
9,555 ±769
0.1% ±<0.1
0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic
2,963 ±367
< 0.1% ±<0.1
0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic
47,368 ±2,825
0.4% ±<0.1
0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic
430,025 ±7,472
3.4% ±0.1
4.3% ±<0.1
Place of birth and citizenship
“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).
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People in Illinois by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Incidents reported to the FBI by bias motivation, as counts — the collection publishes no participation share, so there is no rate to compare states on.
The EOIR courts sitting in the state, what they completed and still have pending, and how far apart their asylum grant rates are. The courts, not the state’s residents: a detention court hears cases from far outside it.
What the Farm Service Agency paid through the state’s county offices, by program and by recipient. The offices that administered the payments, not a count of farms: a recipient addressed elsewhere is counted where they were paid.
The PPP loans SBA guaranteed to businesses operating in the state, by county, with how many carry a forgiveness amount and how many were charged off. Loans, not businesses: a business with two draws is two loans.
Pupils, schools and teachers, the largest districts, what districts spend per pupil and where the money comes from, and the colleges that take federal student aid.
Every measure the Factbook publishes for this state in one place, each with where it ranks among the others and the record it came from.
The immigration link above is EOIR’s courts, which sit in this state. CBP’s encounters are not by state and will not be: its sectors and field offices are areas of responsibility rather than a geography, and assigning them to states would be a claim the data does not make. Immigration and the border.