Skip to content
American Factbook
Menu

Demographics of Vermont

Vermont had 644,663 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: +1,698 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Vermont, in five figures

644,663
Population
July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.
642,965
Population in July 2020
July 1, 2020, Vintage 2025 estimate.
+0.3%
Change since July 2020
+1,698 people.
43.1 ±0.2
Median age
ACS 2020–⁠2024.
$81,203 ±$1,339
Median household income
ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year’s change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from other states, with the Bureau’s small residual. The 2020 row’s components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Vermont grew 0.3% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Vermont's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — nation and states, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Vermont grew 0.3% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Vermont's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1PopulationChangeIndexUnited States
2020642,965not reported100.0100.0
2021647,238+4,273100.7100.2
2022647,614+376100.7100.7
2023647,722+108100.7101.6
2024646,521−1,201100.6102.5
2025644,663−1,858100.3103.1

Embed this chart

Paste this where you want the chart. The picture carries its title, source and credit, under the site’s license.

4 more columns on a wider screen

Population of Vermont on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1PopulationChange
2020642,965−112
2021647,238+4,273
2022647,614+376
2023647,722+108
2024646,521−1,201
2025644,663−1,858

Every county in Vermont, July 2025

Largest first. The change and its parts are July 2020 to July 2025, the five full years. “From elsewhere” is net moves from other counties, in this state or another.

Ranked: by population · by population growth

3 more columns on a wider screen

Counties of Vermont by population, July 2025
CountyJuly 2025Change
Chittenden County169,115+0.4%
Rutland County59,653−1.4%
Washington County59,652−0.2%
Windsor County57,312−0.7%
Franklin County51,177+2.3%
Windham County45,204−1.4%
Addison County38,048+1.8%
Bennington County36,630−1.8%
Caledonia County30,414+0.8%
Orange County30,002+2.4%
Orleans County27,600+0.7%
Lamoille County26,294+1.4%
Grand Isle County7,511+3.2%
Essex County6,051+2.2%

Every one of Vermont’s 34 places and towns of 5,000 or more

Largest first, by the American Community Survey’s 2020–2024 count and its margin of error. A place that is also a county is listed with the counties, and a town that is also a place with the places.

Places and towns of Vermont by population, ACS 2020–2024
PlaceACS 2020–⁠2024
Burlington city44,675 ±33
South Burlington city20,756 ±79
Colchester town17,648 ±23
Rutland city15,712 ±37
Bennington town15,249 ±23
Brattleboro town12,122 ±20
Essex town11,516 ±22
Essex Junction city10,803 ±21
Milton town10,769 ±37
Hartford town10,736 ±22
Williston town10,144 ±24
Bennington CDP9,245 ±559
Middlebury town9,175 ±22
Springfield town9,084 ±23
Barre city8,412 ±39
Winooski city8,293 ±32
Montpelier city8,014 ±31
Barre town8,005 ±22
Shelburne town7,969 ±25
Brattleboro CDP7,657 ±417
St. Johnsbury town7,368 ±27
Middlebury CDP7,220 ±327
St. Albans town7,057 ±51
St. Albans city6,954 ±31
Swanton town6,820 ±19
Shelburne CDP6,499 ±515
Northfield town5,920 ±18
St. Johnsbury CDP5,859 ±365
Morristown town5,722 ±38
Lyndon town5,590 ±18
Waterbury town5,405 ±20
Stowe town5,285 ±15
Fairfax town5,226 ±23
Jericho town5,114 ±29

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 43.1 ±0.2: for men 42.0 ±0.2 and for women 44.2 ±0.2. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

1 more column on a wider screen

People in Vermont by age, ACS 2020–2024
AgePeopleShare
Under 527,696 ±3064.3% ±<0.1
5 to 1788,290 ±1,30813.6% ±0.2
18 to 2464,692 ±1,62910.0% ±0.3
25 to 44156,315 ±1,53124.2% ±0.2
45 to 64171,434 ±1,62926.5% ±0.3
65 and over138,679 ±1,90021.4% ±0.3

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $81,203 ±$1,339, and income per person $46,500 ±$569, in 2024 dollars. The median is $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

1 more column on a wider screen

Households in Vermont by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household incomeHouseholdsShare
Under $25,00037,024 ±1,41513.5% ±0.5
$25,000 to $49,99945,866 ±1,52416.8% ±0.5
$50,000 to $74,99944,640 ±1,54316.3% ±0.6
$75,000 to $99,99935,213 ±1,20412.9% ±0.4
$100,000 to $149,99951,944 ±1,50119.0% ±0.5
$150,000 to $199,99928,498 ±1,09310.4% ±0.4
$200,000 or more30,231 ±1,06011.1% ±0.4

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

1 more column on a wider screen

Poverty rate in Vermont by age, ACS 2020–2024
AgeBelow povertyRate
All ages62,749 ±2,53210.1% ±0.4
Under 1812,328 ±86610.8% ±0.7
18 to 5934,002 ±1,59110.5% ±0.5
60 and over16,419 ±9878.8% ±0.5

Housing, 2020–2024

Housing in Vermont, ACS 2020–2024
MeasureVermontUnited States
Housing units339,042 ±187143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied80.6% ±0.489.9% ±0.1
Vacant19.4% ±0.410.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied73.2% ±0.565.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied26.8% ±0.534.8% ±0.1
Median home value$316,600 ±$3,361$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent$1,234 ±$18$1,413 ±$2
Median year built1976 ±11980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

1 more column on a wider screen

People in Vermont by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
OriginPeopleShare
Hispanic or Latino16,545 ±02.6% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic582,031 ±88989.9% ±0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic7,118 ±5111.1% ±0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic11,520 ±4381.8% ±0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic785 ±1690.1% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic27 to 111< 0.1%
Some other race alone, not Hispanic2,532 ±5020.4% ±0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic26,506 ±1,1374.1% ±0.2

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

1 more column on a wider screen

People in Vermont by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
BornPeopleShare
Born in the state306,971 ±3,06647.4% ±0.5
Born in another state305,469 ±2,95847.2% ±0.5
Born a citizen outside the states6,997 ±6431.1% ±0.1
Born abroad27,669 ±1,2294.3% ±0.2
Naturalized citizens17,723 ±9392.7% ±0.1
Not citizens9,946 ±7591.5% ±0.1

Where Vermont ranks

Compared

Beside the state nearest it by population, and its largest counties each beside the next one down.

Vermont elsewhere on the Factbook

  • Reported crimeCrime and justice

    Offenses reported to police by type, the trend, and the reporting coverage.

  • Most dangerous cities in VermontCrime and justice

    What each agency serving 25,000 or more reported, ranked. Agency populations overlap, so these do not add up to the state.

  • Prison populationCrime and justice

    People held under the state’s correctional authority, and the imprisonment rate. A different publisher counting a different thing.

  • Arrests by race, sex and ageCrime and justice

    Arrests as the FBI’s participating agencies reported them, with what the figures can and cannot support at the top.

  • Hate crimeCrime and justice

    Incidents reported to the FBI by bias motivation, as counts — the collection publishes no participation share, so there is no rate to compare states on.

  • Federal obligationsFederal spending

    What federal agencies obligated against a place of performance in the state, per resident and by agency.

  • Registered nonprofitsNonprofits

    How many organizations the IRS lists in the state, what they report as revenue, and which kinds of work they do.

  • Payments to doctorsHealth

    What drug and device companies reported paying doctors with a practice address in the state, and the largest recipients.

  • Farm program paymentsFarm subsidies

    What the Farm Service Agency paid through the state’s county offices, by program and by recipient. The offices that administered the payments, not a count of farms: a recipient addressed elsewhere is counted where they were paid.

  • Paycheck Protection Program loansPPP loans

    The PPP loans SBA guaranteed to businesses operating in the state, by county, with how many carry a forgiveness amount and how many were charged off. Loans, not businesses: a business with two draws is two loans.

  • Public schoolsSchools

    Pupils, schools and teachers, the largest districts, what districts spend per pupil and where the money comes from, and the colleges that take federal student aid.

  • Federal civilian workforceFederal salaries

    Federal civilian employees stationed in the state by agency and occupation, with the pay OPM publishes and the share it withholds.

  • The Vermont Factbook entryAcross the Factbook

    Every measure the Factbook publishes for this state in one place, each with where it ranks among the others and the record it came from.

The immigration hub has no page for this state: EOIR runs no immigration court here, and CBP publishes by sector and field office, which are its own areas of responsibility rather than a geography. Immigration and the border.

Sources

Data retrieved