California had 39,355,309 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −172,499 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.
California, in five figures
39,355,309
Population
July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.
39,527,808
Population in July 2020
July 1, 2020, Vintage 2025 estimate.
−0.4%
Change since July 2020
−172,499 people.
37.9 ±0.1
Median age
ACS 2020–2024.
$99,122 ±$310
Median household income
ACS 2020–2024, in 2024 dollars.
Population, year by year
July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year’s change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from other states, with the Bureau’s small residual. The 2020 row’s components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.
California shrank 0.4% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally
The July 1 estimate of California's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
Source: The Census Bureau
About this chart
The figures
California shrank 0.4% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of California's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1
Population
Change
Index
United States
2020
39,527,808
not reported
100.0
100.0
2021
39,152,927
−374,881
99.1
100.2
2022
39,125,347
−27,580
99.0
100.7
2023
39,181,667
+56,320
99.1
101.6
2024
39,364,774
+183,107
99.6
102.5
2025
39,355,309
−9,465
99.6
103.1
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Population of California on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1
Population
Change
Births
Deaths
From abroad
From other states
2020
39,527,808
−27,895
103,116
74,350
+1,388
−62,399
2021
39,152,927
−374,881
412,508
344,771
+44,122
−470,759
2022
39,125,347
−27,580
424,110
318,097
+214,150
−344,130
2023
39,181,667
+56,320
410,395
303,116
+292,113
−343,891
2024
39,364,774
+183,107
400,854
289,060
+312,761
−241,611
2025
39,355,309
−9,465
398,632
288,917
+109,278
−229,077
Every county in California, July 2025
Largest first. The change and its parts are July 2020 to July 2025, the five full years. “From elsewhere” is net moves from other counties, in this state or another.
The median age is 37.9 ±0.1: for men 37.0 ±0.1 and for women 38.8 ±0.1. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).
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People in California by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age
People
Share
United States
Under 5
2,165,923 ±792
5.5% ±<0.1
5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17
6,466,873 ±14,008
16.5% ±<0.1
16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24
3,580,621 ±11,229
9.1% ±<0.1
9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44
11,264,452 ±14,852
28.7% ±<0.1
26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64
9,651,137 ±14,449
24.6% ±<0.1
24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over
6,158,371 ±16,360
15.7% ±<0.1
17.2% ±<0.1
Income and poverty, 2020–2024
Median household income is $99,122 ±$310, and income per person $49,513 ±$168, in 2024 dollars. The median is $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.
Households by income
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Households in California by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income
Households
Share
United States
Under $25,000
1,687,020 ±12,194
12.5% ±0.1
14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999
1,808,599 ±11,297
13.3% ±0.1
16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999
1,756,653 ±11,378
13.0% ±0.1
15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999
1,573,684 ±10,636
11.6% ±0.1
12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999
2,410,749 ±12,765
17.8% ±0.1
17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999
1,533,999 ±9,892
11.3% ±0.1
9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more
2,777,387 ±15,403
20.5% ±0.1
13.4% ±0.1
Poverty by age
The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).
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Poverty rate in California by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age
Below poverty
Rate
United States
All ages
4,632,248 ±34,481
12.0% ±0.1
12.5% ±0.1
Under 18
1,278,435 ±12,052
15.0% ±0.1
16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59
2,388,158 ±18,253
11.0% ±0.1
11.6% ±0.1
60 and over
965,655 ±8,243
11.5% ±0.1
11.0% ±<0.1
Housing, 2020–2024
Housing in California, ACS 2020–2024
Measure
California
United States
Housing units
14,644,735 ±1,665
143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied
92.5% ±0.1
89.9% ±0.1
Vacant
7.5% ±0.1
10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied
55.9% ±0.3
65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied
44.1% ±0.2
34.8% ±0.1
Median home value
$734,700 ±$1,307
$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent
$2,036 ±$5
$1,413 ±$2
Median year built
1976 ±1
1980 ±1
Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.
Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024
Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.
Hispanic origin and race
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People in California by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin
People
Share
United States
Hispanic or Latino
15,778,963 ±0
40.2% ±<0.1
19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic
13,267,442 ±9,247
33.8% ±<0.1
57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic
2,040,095 ±9,332
5.2% ±<0.1
11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic
6,007,197 ±10,606
15.3% ±<0.1
5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic
102,530 ±2,445
0.3% ±<0.1
0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic
131,885 ±2,308
0.3% ±<0.1
0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic
241,084 ±8,172
0.6% ±<0.1
0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic
1,718,181 ±17,174
4.4% ±<0.1
4.3% ±<0.1
Place of birth and citizenship
“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).
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People in California by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Incidents reported to the FBI by bias motivation, as counts — the collection publishes no participation share, so there is no rate to compare states on.
The EOIR courts sitting in the state, what they completed and still have pending, and how far apart their asylum grant rates are. The courts, not the state’s residents: a detention court hears cases from far outside it.
What the Farm Service Agency paid through the state’s county offices, by program and by recipient. The offices that administered the payments, not a count of farms: a recipient addressed elsewhere is counted where they were paid.
The PPP loans SBA guaranteed to businesses operating in the state, by county, with how many carry a forgiveness amount and how many were charged off. Loans, not businesses: a business with two draws is two loans.
Pupils, schools and teachers, the largest districts, what districts spend per pupil and where the money comes from, and the colleges that take federal student aid.
The FDIC-insured banks headquartered in the state and their offices, and the credit unions based there and their sites, each per resident and against every other state.
The homes under HUD’s rental assistance programs in the state, by program and county, and its tax-credit housing, each per resident and against every other state.
The mortgage applications, loans and denials lenders reported in the state under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, and its largest lenders and counties.
Community health center sites in the state, from HRSA’s Data Warehouse, by county and by the organization that runs them: no rating and no recommendation.
COVID-19 relief obligated to the state’s government, from PRAC’s state workbook, by awarding agency: not every award made in the state, and no PPP loan.
Every place on the National Register of Historic Places in the state, by county and by the year it was listed, from the National Park Service’s listed-properties file.
Every exclusion in effect in the state on OIG’s list of people and organizations barred from Medicare, Medicaid and every other federal health care program, by authority and year.
The offered wages on H-1B applications the Department of Labor certified with a first worksite in the state, by occupation, each median with the count behind it.
Every college in the state that reported to the Equity in Athletics survey, ranked by its athletics revenue, with its expenses, athletes and athletic aid.
Every measure the Factbook publishes for this state in one place, each with where it ranks among the others and the record it came from.
The immigration link above is EOIR’s courts, which sit in this state. CBP’s encounters are not by state and will not be: its sectors and field offices are areas of responsibility rather than a geography, and assigning them to states would be a claim the data does not make. Immigration and the border.
Compiled automatically from Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change, Census Bureau population estimates — nation and states, with components of change, American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File and Census Bureau population estimates — incorporated places and New England towns by a checked SQL query · Editor: Kian O'Connor · How this site is built