Demographics of Winnebago County, Illinois

Winnebago County, Illinois had 283,674 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −1,265 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Winnebago County, in four figures

283,674
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −0.4%
Change since July 2020: −1,265 people.; 39.6 ±0.2
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $65,837 ±$1,162
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Winnebago County, Illinois's population shrank 0.4% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Winnebago County, Illinois's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Winnebago County, Illinois's population shrank 0.4% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Winnebago County, Illinois's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	284,939	100.0	100.0
2021	283,436	99.5	100.2
2022	281,767	98.9	100.7
2023	281,732	98.9	101.6
2024	282,965	99.3	102.5
2025	283,674	99.6	103.1

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Population of Winnebago County, Illinois on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	284,939	−412	−54	+3	−384
2021	283,436	−1,503	−287	+230	−1,565
2022	281,767	−1,669	−296	+743	−2,071
2023	281,732	−35	−66	+1,265	−1,200
2024	282,965	+1,233	−39	+1,382	−73
2025	283,674	+709	−65	+570	+184

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 39.6 ±0.2: for men 38.7 ±0.3 and for women 40.3 ±0.3. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Winnebago County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Illinois	United States
Under 5	17,245 ±9	6.1% ±<0.1	5.4% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	49,286 ±1,159	17.4% ±0.4	16.4% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	23,534 ±821	8.3% ±0.3	9.1% ±<0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	69,748 ±1,015	24.6% ±0.4	26.9% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	70,961 ±1,116	25.0% ±0.4	25.2% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	52,518 ±1,428	18.5% ±0.5	17.0% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $65,837 ±$1,162, and income per person $35,697 ±$709, in 2024 dollars. The median is $83,390 ±$362 in Illinois and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Winnebago County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Illinois	United States
Under $25,000	20,700 ±1,107	17.8% ±0.9	14.6% ±0.1	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	23,680 ±1,274	20.4% ±1.1	16.0% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	20,890 ±1,035	18.0% ±0.9	14.8% ±0.1	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	15,211 ±948	13.1% ±0.8	12.6% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	19,189 ±1,086	16.5% ±0.9	18.0% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	8,749 ±715	7.5% ±0.6	10.1% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	7,595 ±573	6.5% ±0.5	13.8% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Winnebago County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Illinois	United States
All ages	43,596 ±2,666	15.6% ±1.0	11.8% ±0.1	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	14,585 ±1,173	22.2% ±1.7	15.1% ±0.2	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	21,360 ±1,394	14.8% ±0.9	11.0% ±0.1	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	7,651 ±591	11.0% ±0.8	10.6% ±0.1	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Winnebago County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Winnebago County	Illinois	United States
Housing units	125,002 ±107	5,457,452 ±471	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	92.8% ±0.6	92.3% ±0.1	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	7.2% ±0.6	7.7% ±0.1	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	65.9% ±0.8	67.1% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	34.1% ±1.0	32.9% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$164,500 ±$2,551	$263,300 ±$797	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$1,021 ±$19	$1,274 ±$5	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1971 ±1	1971 ±2	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Winnebago County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Illinois	United States
Hispanic or Latino	44,014 ±0	15.5% ±<0.1	18.8% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	180,624 ±625	63.8% ±0.2	58.1% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	32,798 ±1,213	11.6% ±0.4	13.3% ±<0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	8,178 ±355	2.9% ±0.1	5.9% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	360 ±158	0.1% ±0.1	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	82 ±29	< 0.1% ±<0.1	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	837 ±312	0.3% ±0.1	0.4% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	16,399 ±1,367	5.8% ±0.5	3.4% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Winnebago County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Illinois	United States
Born in the state	197,296 ±2,405	69.6% ±0.8	66.5% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	58,369 ±1,982	20.6% ±0.7	17.5% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	2,493 ±473	0.9% ±0.2	1.3% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	25,134 ±1,412	8.9% ±0.5	14.7% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	12,160 ±828	4.3% ±0.3	7.7% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	12,974 ±1,329	4.6% ±0.5	7.0% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

Winnebago County among the counties of Illinois

7th of 102 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Illinois page.

Counties of Illinois near Winnebago County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
DuPage County	934,298	+0.3%
Lake County	719,339	+0.8%
Will County	712,253	+2.2%
Kane County	525,757	+1.8%
McHenry County	317,751	+2.5%
Winnebago County	283,674	−0.4%
Madison County	263,110	−1.0%
St. Clair County	250,708	−2.5%
Champaign County	209,972	+1.8%
Sangamon County	194,170	−1.0%
Peoria County	178,553	−1.6%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026