Demographics of Bay County, Michigan

Bay County, Michigan had 102,123 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −1,616 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Bay County, in four figures

102,123
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −1.6%
Change since July 2020: −1,616 people.; 43.9 ±0.2
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $61,763 ±$2,526
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Bay County, Michigan's population shrank 1.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Bay County, Michigan's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Bay County, Michigan's population shrank 1.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Bay County, Michigan's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	103,739	100.0	100.0
2021	103,115	99.4	100.2
2022	102,736	99.0	100.7
2023	102,693	99.0	101.6
2024	102,432	98.7	102.5
2025	102,123	98.4	103.1

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Population of Bay County, Michigan on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	103,739	−124	−93	0	−51
2021	103,115	−624	−756	0	+26
2022	102,736	−379	−560	+17	+238
2023	102,693	−43	−445	+34	+386
2024	102,432	−261	−467	+55	+165
2025	102,123	−309	−465	+40	+112

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 43.9 ±0.2: for men 42.6 ±0.6 and for women 45.5 ±0.3. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Bay County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Michigan	United States
Under 5	4,800 ±191	4.7% ±0.2	5.4% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	15,350 ±623	14.9% ±0.6	15.9% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	7,546 ±506	7.3% ±0.5	9.2% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	25,043 ±696	24.3% ±0.7	25.3% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	27,701 ±746	26.9% ±0.7	25.6% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	22,568 ±867	21.9% ±0.8	18.6% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $61,763 ±$2,526, and income per person $35,602 ±$936, in 2024 dollars. The median is $72,875 ±$293 in Michigan and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Bay County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Michigan	United States
Under $25,000	8,165 ±722	18.1% ±1.6	15.8% ±0.1	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	10,129 ±822	22.5% ±1.8	18.7% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	8,180 ±676	18.1% ±1.5	16.8% ±0.1	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	6,222 ±542	13.8% ±1.2	13.2% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	7,308 ±604	16.2% ±1.3	17.3% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	2,762 ±378	6.1% ±0.8	8.6% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	2,337 ±293	5.2% ±0.6	9.5% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Bay County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Michigan	United States
All ages	13,520 ±1,257	13.2% ±1.2	13.2% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	3,231 ±585	16.3% ±2.8	17.6% ±0.3	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	6,467 ±654	12.5% ±1.2	12.7% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	3,822 ±521	12.5% ±1.7	10.5% ±0.1	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Bay County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Bay County	Michigan	United States
Housing units	48,659 ±51	4,622,236 ±795	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	92.7% ±1.0	88.2% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	7.3% ±1.0	11.8% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	77.0% ±1.4	73.2% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	23.0% ±1.5	26.8% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$152,200 ±$3,642	$231,600 ±$642	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$860 ±$37	$1,129 ±$4	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1963 ±1	1972 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Bay County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Michigan	United States
Hispanic or Latino	6,117 ±0	5.9% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	90,838 ±287	88.2% ±0.3	72.4% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	1,067 ±245	1.0% ±0.2	13.1% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	525 ±130	0.5% ±0.1	3.4% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	42 to 184	< 0.1% to 0.2%	0.3% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	2 to 118	< 0.1% to 0.1%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	156 to 808	0.2% to 0.8%	0.5% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	3,806 ±418	3.7% ±0.4	4.5% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Bay County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Michigan	United States
Born in the state	92,376 ±851	89.7% ±0.8	76.0% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	8,969 ±864	8.7% ±0.8	16.0% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	375 ±139	0.4% ±0.1	0.9% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	1,288 ±244	1.3% ±0.2	7.2% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	858 ±230	0.8% ±0.2	4.1% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	430 ±173	0.4% ±0.2	3.1% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

Bay County among the counties of Michigan

20th of 83 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Michigan page.

Counties of Michigan near Bay County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Monroe County	156,004	+0.7%
Berrien County	152,444	−1.3%
Calhoun County	133,408	−0.6%
Allegan County	123,188	+2.1%
Eaton County	109,581	+0.4%
Bay County	102,123	−1.6%
Lenawee County	97,779	−1.6%
Grand Traverse County	96,729	+1.4%
Lapeer County	89,516	+1.0%
Midland County	83,754	+0.3%
Clinton County	80,432	+1.6%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026