Demographics of Union County, Pennsylvania

Union County, Pennsylvania had 42,313 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −346 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Union County, in four figures

42,313
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −0.8%
Change since July 2020: −346 people.; 41.0 ±0.6
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $76,404 ±$4,078
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Union County, Pennsylvania's population shrank 0.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Union County, Pennsylvania's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Union County, Pennsylvania's population shrank 0.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Union County, Pennsylvania's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	42,659	100.0	100.0
2021	42,480	99.6	100.2
2022	42,713	100.1	100.7
2023	42,185	98.9	101.6
2024	42,641	100.0	102.5
2025	42,313	99.2	103.1

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Population of Union County, Pennsylvania on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	42,659	−21	−7	−1	−21
2021	42,480	−179	−77	+12	−149
2022	42,713	+233	−122	+40	+314
2023	42,185	−528	−9	+76	−608
2024	42,641	+456	−27	+42	+437
2025	42,313	−328	−26	+17	−317

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 41.0 ±0.6: for men 39.1 ±0.6 and for women 42.5 ±0.8. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Union County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Pennsylvania	United States
Under 5	1,836 ±83	4.3% ±0.2	5.2% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	5,534 ±286	13.0% ±0.7	15.2% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	5,936 ±399	14.0% ±0.9	9.0% ±<0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	10,315 ±337	24.3% ±0.8	25.5% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	10,396 ±379	24.5% ±0.9	25.6% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	8,439 ±527	19.9% ±1.2	19.5% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $76,404 ±$4,078, and income per person $37,605 ±$2,477, in 2024 dollars. The median is $77,971 ±$342 in Pennsylvania and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Union County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Pennsylvania	United States
Under $25,000	1,857 ±310	12.8% ±2.1	15.1% ±0.1	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	2,861 ±408	19.7% ±2.8	17.4% ±0.1	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	2,405 ±319	16.5% ±2.2	15.9% ±0.1	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	2,048 ±324	14.1% ±2.2	12.8% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,892 ±354	19.9% ±2.4	17.7% ±0.1	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	1,239 ±206	8.5% ±1.4	9.3% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	1,244 ±200	8.6% ±1.4	11.8% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Union County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Pennsylvania	United States
All ages	3,025 ±545	9.0% ±1.6	11.7% ±0.1	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	736 ±195	10.3% ±2.7	15.6% ±0.2	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	1,503 ±333	9.1% ±2.0	11.0% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	786 ±196	7.8% ±1.9	10.1% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Union County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Union County	Pennsylvania	United States
Housing units	16,205 ±140	5,806,452 ±672	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	89.8% ±1.9	90.8% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	10.2% ±1.8	9.2% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	72.3% ±2.2	69.3% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	27.7% ±2.7	30.7% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$240,100 ±$8,080	$254,500 ±$767	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$974 ±$47	$1,209 ±$5	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1974 ±2	1965 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Union County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Pennsylvania	United States
Hispanic or Latino	2,147 ±0	5.1% ±<0.1	8.7% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	36,495 ±93	86.0% ±0.2	73.0% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	2,404 ±65	5.7% ±0.2	10.3% ±<0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	779 ±112	1.8% ±0.3	3.8% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	21 to 95	< 0.1% to 0.2%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 25	0% to 0.1%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	16 to 206	< 0.1% to 0.5%	0.5% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	462 ±143	1.1% ±0.3	3.6% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Union County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Pennsylvania	United States
Born in the state	29,691 ±650	69.9% ±1.5	70.6% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	10,645 ±616	25.1% ±1.5	19.8% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	483 ±104	1.1% ±0.2	1.9% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	1,637 ±234	3.9% ±0.6	7.7% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	507 ±140	1.2% ±0.3	4.3% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	1,130 ±199	2.7% ±0.5	3.4% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

Union County among the counties of Pennsylvania

50th of 67 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Pennsylvania page.

Counties of Pennsylvania near Union County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Bedford County	47,480	−0.2%
Perry County	46,806	+2.1%
Mifflin County	46,127	> −0.1%
Jefferson County	43,255	−2.8%
Huntingdon County	43,001	−2.4%
Union County	42,313	−0.8%
Tioga County	40,502	−1.3%
Snyder County	39,655	−0.2%
McKean County	38,984	−3.5%
Susquehanna County	38,237	−0.3%
Clinton County	37,870	+1.3%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026