Demographics of Union County, New Jersey

Union County, New Jersey had 601,863 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: +28,381 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Union County, in four figures

601,863
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; +4.9%
Change since July 2020: +28,381 people.; 39.1 ±0.2
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $103,202 ±$2,659
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Union County, New Jersey's population grew 4.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Union County, New Jersey's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Union County, New Jersey's population grew 4.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Union County, New Jersey's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	573,482	100.0	100.0
2021	572,522	99.8	100.2
2022	574,934	100.3	100.7
2023	586,115	102.2	101.6
2024	598,743	104.4	102.5
2025	601,863	104.9	103.1

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Population of Union County, New Jersey on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	573,482	−1,850	−733	+80	−1,201
2021	572,522	−960	+1,819	+1,286	−4,233
2022	574,934	+2,412	+2,443	+8,452	−8,684
2023	586,115	+11,181	+2,732	+13,524	−5,133
2024	598,743	+12,628	+2,875	+13,625	−3,923
2025	601,863	+3,120	+2,859	+5,709	−5,479

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 39.1 ±0.2: for men 37.9 ±0.2 and for women 40.1 ±0.3. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Union County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	New Jersey	United States
Under 5	35,576 ±34	6.1% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	100,684 ±1,705	17.4% ±0.3	16.2% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	48,038 ±1,345	8.3% ±0.2	8.4% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	154,098 ±1,588	26.6% ±0.3	26.2% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	153,617 ±1,974	26.5% ±0.3	26.5% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	87,277 ±2,117	15.1% ±0.4	17.2% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $103,202 ±$2,659, and income per person $52,874 ±$936, in 2024 dollars. The median is $103,556 ±$513 in New Jersey and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Union County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	New Jersey	United States
Under $25,000	20,123 ±1,331	9.9% ±0.7	11.6% ±0.2	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	27,376 ±1,548	13.5% ±0.8	12.8% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	26,563 ±1,423	13.1% ±0.7	12.8% ±0.2	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	24,634 ±1,288	12.1% ±0.6	11.3% ±0.2	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	35,407 ±1,604	17.4% ±0.8	18.1% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	23,018 ±1,417	11.3% ±0.7	11.8% ±0.2	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	46,156 ±1,407	22.7% ±0.7	21.6% ±0.2	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Union County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	New Jersey	United States
All ages	52,582 ±2,807	9.2% ±0.5	9.7% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	15,839 ±1,263	11.8% ±0.9	13.0% ±0.3	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	25,518 ±1,396	8.0% ±0.4	8.6% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	11,225 ±827	9.4% ±0.7	9.3% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Union County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Union County	New Jersey	United States
Housing units	212,385 ±197	3,791,354 ±469	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	95.7% ±0.4	92.5% ±0.1	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	4.3% ±0.4	7.5% ±0.1	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	57.4% ±0.8	63.8% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	42.6% ±0.8	36.2% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$529,200 ±$8,258	$454,400 ±$1,150	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$1,730 ±$23	$1,720 ±$7	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1956 ±2	1970 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Union County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	New Jersey	United States
Hispanic or Latino	203,905 ±0	35.2% ±<0.1	22.5% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	205,149 ±989	35.4% ±0.2	50.9% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	110,903 ±1,233	19.1% ±0.2	12.2% ±<0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	32,292 ±660	5.6% ±0.1	10.0% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	332 ±158	0.1% ±<0.1	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 51	0% to < 0.1%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	6,929 ±1,070	1.2% ±0.2	0.8% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	19,756 ±1,414	3.4% ±0.2	3.5% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Union County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	New Jersey	United States
Born in the state	267,091 ±3,975	46.1% ±0.7	50.8% ±0.2	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	100,979 ±3,024	17.4% ±0.5	22.7% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	16,584 ±1,621	2.9% ±0.3	2.6% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	194,636 ±3,418	33.6% ±0.6	23.9% ±0.2	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	98,388 ±2,573	17.0% ±0.4	13.5% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	96,248 ±3,466	16.6% ±0.6	10.5% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

Union County among the counties of New Jersey

7th of 21 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the New Jersey page.

Counties of New Jersey near Union County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Essex County	896,379	+4.2%
Middlesex County	883,335	+2.6%
Hudson County	735,033	+1.8%
Ocean County	673,746	+5.6%
Monmouth County	651,035	+1.3%
Union County	601,863	+4.9%
Camden County	535,799	+2.4%
Passaic County	531,624	+1.6%
Morris County	524,251	+3.2%
Burlington County	481,439	+4.3%
Mercer County	399,289	+3.3%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026