Demographics of Thomas County, Nebraska

Thomas County, Nebraska had 639 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −32 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Thomas County, in four figures

639
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −4.8%
Change since July 2020: −32 people.; 53.3 ±13.6
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $65,000 ±$10,463
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Thomas County, Nebraska's population shrank 4.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Thomas County, Nebraska's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Thomas County, Nebraska's population shrank 4.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Thomas County, Nebraska's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	671	100.0	100.0
2021	676	100.7	100.2
2022	665	99.1	100.7
2023	677	100.9	101.6
2024	649	96.7	102.5
2025	639	95.2	103.1

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Population of Thomas County, Nebraska on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From elsewhere in the country
2020	671	+2	0	+3
2021	676	+5	+2	+2
2022	665	−11	−4	−7
2023	677	+12	−2	+13
2024	649	−28	+1	−29
2025	639	−10	0	−9

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 53.3 ±13.6: for men 53.4 ±19.2 and for women 53.0 ±13.9. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Thomas County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Nebraska	United States
Under 5	0 to 17	0% to 3.0%	6.3% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	57 ±20	10.1% ±3.4	18.2% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	0 to 48	0% to 8.4%	9.8% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	169 ±35	30.0% ±5.5	25.9% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	92 ±25	16.3% ±4.2	23.1% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	220 ±45	39.0% ±7.1	16.7% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $65,000 ±$10,463, and income per person $37,067 ±$3,199, in 2024 dollars. The median is $76,475 ±$633 in Nebraska and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Thomas County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Nebraska	United States
Under $25,000	42 ±21	13.8% ±6.5	13.8% ±0.3	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	65 ±31	21.4% ±9.7	18.0% ±0.3	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	70 ±23	23.0% ±6.9	17.3% ±0.3	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	64 ±22	21.1% ±6.7	13.5% ±0.3	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	53 ±21	17.4% ±6.4	18.9% ±0.3	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	0 to 17	0% to 5.6%	9.1% ±0.2	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	0 to 5	0% to 1.6%	9.4% ±0.2	13.4% ±0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Thomas County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Nebraska	United States
All ages	50 ±22	8.9% ±3.8	10.6% ±0.3	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	0 to 21	0% to 33.0%	12.0% ±0.5	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	7 to 33	2.9% to 12.7%	10.6% ±0.3	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	2 to 46	1.0% to 18.5%	9.1% ±0.3	11.0% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Thomas County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Thomas County	Nebraska	United States
Housing units	357 ±37	863,444 ±628	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	85.2% ±6.0	92.4% ±0.3	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	14.8% ±5.4	7.6% ±0.3	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	68.1% ±7.3	66.5% ±0.5	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	31.9% ±9.0	33.5% ±0.4	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$109,200 ±$32,523	$238,600 ±$1,365	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$638 ±$190	$1,072 ±$8	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1961 ±15	1975 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Thomas County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Nebraska	United States
Hispanic or Latino	0 to 60	0% to 10.6%	12.7% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	503 ±56	89.2% ±5.1	75.3% ±0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	0 to 25	0% to 4.4%	4.6% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	0 to 10	0% to 1.8%	2.6% ±0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 10	0% to 1.8%	0.6% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 10	0% to 1.8%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 10	0% to 1.8%	0.4% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	5 to 39	0.9% to 6.9%	3.8% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Thomas County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Nebraska	United States
Born in the state	435 ±58	77.1% ±7.2	64.1% ±0.3	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	108 ±31	19.1% ±5.2	26.9% ±0.3	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	0 to 9	0% to 1.6%	1.0% ±0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	2 to 32	0.4% to 5.7%	8.0% ±0.2	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	0 to 30	0% to 5.3%	3.4% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	0 to 7	0% to 1.2%	4.6% ±0.2	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Thomas County among the counties of Nebraska

88th of 93 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Nebraska page.

Counties of Nebraska near Thomas County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Keya Paha County	792	+4.2%
Wheeler County	789	+2.1%
Banner County	686	+1.0%
Hooker County	686	−2.8%
Logan County	669	−6.0%
Thomas County	639	−4.8%
Loup County	570	−6.1%
Grant County	561	−8.3%
Blaine County	458	+6.8%
Arthur County	396	−7.9%
McPherson County	369	−6.8%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026