Demographics of Madison County, North Carolina

Madison County, North Carolina had 22,553 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: +1,261 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Madison County, in four figures

22,553
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; +5.9%
Change since July 2020: +1,261 people.; 44.5 ±0.4
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $58,531 ±$4,714
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Madison County, North Carolina's population grew 5.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Madison County, North Carolina's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Madison County, North Carolina's population grew 5.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Madison County, North Carolina's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	21,292	100.0	100.0
2021	21,739	102.1	100.2
2022	21,908	102.9	100.7
2023	22,044	103.5	101.6
2024	22,466	105.5	102.5
2025	22,553	105.9	103.1

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Population of Madison County, North Carolina on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	21,292	+91	−11	0	+116
2021	21,739	+447	−108	+10	+571
2022	21,908	+169	−113	+18	+251
2023	22,044	+136	−109	+15	+230
2024	22,466	+422	−93	+13	+495
2025	22,553	+87	−100	+8	+177

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 44.5 ±0.4: for men 42.8 ±0.8 and for women 45.8 ±0.5. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Madison County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	North Carolina	United States
Under 5	920 ±73	4.2% ±0.3	5.6% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	2,853 ±242	13.0% ±1.1	16.1% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	2,148 ±321	9.8% ±1.5	9.5% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	5,149 ±304	23.5% ±1.4	26.2% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	5,718 ±343	26.1% ±1.6	25.4% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	5,079 ±391	23.2% ±1.8	17.2% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $58,531 ±$4,714, and income per person $35,126 ±$3,208, in 2024 dollars. The median is $72,388 ±$324 in North Carolina and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Madison County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	North Carolina	United States
Under $25,000	1,812 ±308	21.7% ±3.6	15.8% ±0.2	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	1,851 ±333	22.2% ±3.9	19.1% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	1,292 ±250	15.5% ±2.9	16.8% ±0.2	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	1,238 ±218	14.8% ±2.6	13.0% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,023 ±193	12.3% ±2.3	16.6% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	613 ±176	7.3% ±2.1	8.3% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	513 ±163	6.1% ±1.9	10.4% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Madison County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	North Carolina	United States
All ages	2,539 ±485	12.1% ±2.3	13.0% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	426 ±178	11.6% ±4.7	17.7% ±0.3	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	862 ±243	8.1% ±2.3	12.1% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	1,251 ±287	19.0% ±4.2	10.9% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Madison County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Madison County	North Carolina	United States
Housing units	11,356 ±44	4,895,668 ±642	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	73.5% ±2.6	87.5% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	26.5% ±2.6	12.5% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	77.5% ±2.4	66.6% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	22.5% ±3.0	33.4% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$284,600 ±$22,454	$288,900 ±$1,086	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$780 ±$64	$1,228 ±$5	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1987 ±2	1991 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Madison County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	North Carolina	United States
Hispanic or Latino	796 ±0	3.6% ±<0.1	11.3% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	19,947 ±202	91.2% ±0.9	60.0% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	239 ±75	1.1% ±0.3	20.0% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	107 ±28	0.5% ±0.1	3.3% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 45	0% to 0.2%	0.8% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 20	0% to 0.1%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 322	0% to 1.5%	0.5% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	597 ±136	2.7% ±0.6	4.1% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Madison County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	North Carolina	United States
Born in the state	13,260 ±774	60.6% ±3.5	53.6% ±0.2	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	8,044 ±733	36.8% ±3.4	35.9% ±0.2	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	268 ±111	1.2% ±0.5	1.4% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	295 ±107	1.3% ±0.5	9.1% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	203 ±87	0.9% ±0.4	3.8% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	31 to 153	0.1% to 0.7%	5.2% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Madison County among the counties of North Carolina

76th of 100 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the North Carolina page.

Counties of North Carolina near Madison County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Cherokee County	30,830	+6.8%
Bladen County	30,007	+1.3%
Ashe County	27,514	+3.5%
Montgomery County	26,403	+2.7%
Caswell County	22,563	+0.4%
Madison County	22,553	+5.9%
Anson County	21,758	−2.1%
Martin County	21,601	−1.6%
Greene County	20,700	+1.3%
Polk County	20,533	+6.0%
Yancey County	19,084	+3.2%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026