Demographics of Madison County, Florida

Madison County, Florida had 18,759 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: +896 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Madison County, in four figures

18,759
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; +5.0%
Change since July 2020: +896 people.; 44.8 ±0.4
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $48,485 ±$6,886
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Madison County, Florida's population grew 5.0% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Madison County, Florida's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Madison County, Florida's population grew 5.0% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Madison County, Florida's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	17,863	100.0	100.0
2021	18,075	101.2	100.2
2022	18,208	101.9	100.7
2023	18,545	103.8	101.6
2024	18,644	104.4	102.5
2025	18,759	105.0	103.1

3 more columns on a wider screen

Population of Madison County, Florida on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	17,863	−107	−23	0	−69
2021	18,075	+212	−88	+15	+291
2022	18,208	+133	−158	+73	+206
2023	18,545	+337	−123	−2	+449
2024	18,644	+99	−111	+16	+191
2025	18,759	+115	−104	−2	+225

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 44.8 ±0.4: for men 41.9 ±2.1 and for women 46.9 ±1.6. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

2 more columns on a wider screen

People in Madison County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Florida	United States
Under 5	863 ±109	4.8% ±0.6	5.0% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	2,333 ±260	12.9% ±1.4	14.5% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	1,341 ±311	7.4% ±1.7	8.1% ±<0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	4,551 ±447	25.2% ±2.5	25.3% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	4,858 ±356	26.9% ±2.0	25.7% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	4,143 ±369	22.9% ±2.0	21.3% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $48,485 ±$6,886, and income per person $23,452 ±$1,558, in 2024 dollars. The median is $74,568 ±$284 in Florida and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

2 more columns on a wider screen

Households in Madison County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Florida	United States
Under $25,000	1,928 ±343	27.6% ±4.8	15.0% ±0.1	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	1,600 ±298	22.9% ±4.2	18.4% ±0.1	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	1,563 ±262	22.4% ±3.7	16.8% ±0.1	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	841 ±188	12.1% ±2.7	13.1% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	680 ±208	9.7% ±3.0	17.2% ±0.1	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	216 ±88	3.1% ±1.3	8.4% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	58 to 238	0.8% to 3.4%	11.0% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

2 more columns on a wider screen

Poverty rate in Madison County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Florida	United States
All ages	3,445 ±727	21.0% ±4.4	12.6% ±0.1	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	804 ±240	25.3% ±6.9	16.5% ±0.2	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	1,772 ±446	21.5% ±5.1	11.5% ±0.1	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	869 ±230	17.4% ±4.4	11.8% ±0.1	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

1 more column on a wider screen

Housing in Madison County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Madison County	Florida	United States
Housing units	8,418 ±23	10,256,470 ±942	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	82.9% ±2.8	85.3% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	17.1% ±2.8	14.7% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	73.4% ±3.0	67.6% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	26.6% ±3.9	32.4% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$116,200 ±$17,507	$359,000 ±$930	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$874 ±$84	$1,669 ±$5	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1988 ±3	1988 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

2 more columns on a wider screen

People in Madison County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Florida	United States
Hispanic or Latino	1,051 ±0	5.8% ±<0.1	27.4% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	9,722 ±240	53.7% ±1.3	50.4% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	6,429 ±157	35.5% ±0.9	14.6% ±<0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	0 to 47	0% to 0.3%	2.9% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 25	0% to 0.1%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 24	0% to 0.1%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	14 to 134	0.1% to 0.7%	0.7% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	782 ±265	4.3% ±1.5	3.8% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

2 more columns on a wider screen

People in Madison County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Florida	United States
Born in the state	11,710 ±556	64.7% ±3.1	35.5% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	5,630 ±524	31.1% ±2.9	38.7% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	43 to 149	0.2% to 0.8%	4.0% ±0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	653 ±173	3.6% ±1.0	21.9% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	288 ±102	1.6% ±0.6	12.6% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	365 ±131	2.0% ±0.7	9.3% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Madison County among the counties of Florida

57th of 67 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Florida page.

Counties of Florida near Madison County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Washington County	26,695	+5.4%
Hardee County	25,932	+2.4%
Taylor County	21,210	−2.5%
Gilchrist County	20,488	+14.5%
Holmes County	20,119	+2.7%
Madison County	18,759	+5.0%
Dixie County	18,038	+8.0%
Union County	16,250	+5.2%
Jefferson County	16,007	+11.1%
Gulf County	15,943	+11.7%
Hamilton County	14,180	+3.3%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026