Demographics of Harper County, Kansas

Harper County, Kansas had 5,370 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −101 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Harper County, in four figures

5,370
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −1.8%
Change since July 2020: −101 people.; 40.6 ±1.1
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $53,488 ±$2,991
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Harper County, Kansas's population shrank 1.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Harper County, Kansas's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Harper County, Kansas's population shrank 1.8% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Harper County, Kansas's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	5,471	100.0	100.0
2021	5,358	97.9	100.2
2022	5,378	98.3	100.7
2023	5,393	98.6	101.6
2024	5,407	98.8	102.5
2025	5,370	98.2	103.1

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Population of Harper County, Kansas on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	5,471	−18	0	0	−16
2021	5,358	−113	−33	+1	−80
2022	5,378	+20	−25	0	+48
2023	5,393	+15	−19	+2	+31
2024	5,407	+14	−32	+16	+32
2025	5,370	−37	−33	+1	−5

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 40.6 ±1.1: for men 40.1 ±2.4 and for women 42.2 ±2.9. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Harper County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Kansas	United States
Under 5	325 ±54	6.0% ±1.0	6.0% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	1,066 ±100	19.7% ±1.9	17.8% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	386 ±89	7.1% ±1.6	10.2% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	1,161 ±115	21.5% ±2.1	25.8% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	1,291 ±116	23.9% ±2.1	23.3% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	1,171 ±124	21.7% ±2.3	17.0% ±0.2	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $53,488 ±$2,991, and income per person $29,878 ±$2,156, in 2024 dollars. The median is $74,275 ±$475 in Kansas and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Harper County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Kansas	United States
Under $25,000	471 ±103	21.4% ±4.5	13.9% ±0.3	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	560 ±104	25.4% ±4.5	18.9% ±0.3	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	468 ±91	21.2% ±3.9	17.7% ±0.3	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	258 ±59	11.7% ±2.6	13.5% ±0.3	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	268 ±62	12.1% ±2.8	17.7% ±0.3	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	28 to 100	1.3% to 4.5%	8.8% ±0.2	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	117 ±49	5.3% ±2.2	9.6% ±0.2	13.4% ±0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Harper County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Kansas	United States
All ages	914 ±228	17.3% ±4.3	11.3% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	337 ±96	24.2% ±6.2	13.1% ±0.4	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	341 ±104	14.5% ±4.3	11.5% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	236 ±72	15.4% ±4.5	9.0% ±0.3	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Harper County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Harper County	Kansas	United States
Housing units	3,020 ±24	1,293,635 ±880	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	73.0% ±3.9	90.8% ±0.3	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	27.0% ±3.8	9.2% ±0.3	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	75.1% ±3.3	67.2% ±0.4	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	24.9% ±4.2	32.8% ±0.3	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$83,800 ±$13,537	$217,200 ±$1,343	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$690 ±$46	$1,060 ±$7	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1956 ±2	1976 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Harper County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Kansas	United States
Hispanic or Latino	436 ±0	8.1% ±<0.1	13.6% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	4,647 ±51	86.1% ±0.9	72.7% ±0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	0 to 95	0% to 1.8%	5.2% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	0 to 31	0% to 0.6%	2.9% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 38	0% to 0.7%	0.4% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 16	0% to 0.3%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 42	0% to 0.8%	0.4% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	225 ±60	4.2% ±1.1	4.8% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Harper County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Kansas	United States
Born in the state	3,870 ±158	71.7% ±2.9	59.2% ±0.3	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	1,407 ±150	26.1% ±2.8	32.4% ±0.2	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	0 to 38	0% to 0.7%	1.1% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	44 to 166	0.8% to 3.1%	7.4% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	0 to 26	0% to 0.5%	3.2% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	36 to 150	0.7% to 2.8%	4.2% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Harper County among the counties of Kansas

63rd of 105 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Kansas page.

Counties of Kansas near Harper County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Sherman County	5,763	−2.4%
Ottawa County	5,744	+0.3%
Gray County	5,652	+0.1%
Mitchell County	5,590	−3.2%
Washington County	5,533	−0.2%
Harper County	5,370	−1.8%
Morris County	5,348	−0.3%
Norton County	5,288	−3.0%
Stevens County	4,984	−4.9%
Scott County	4,815	−6.3%
Phillips County	4,728	−4.9%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026