Demographics of Madison city, South Dakota

Madison city, South Dakota had 6,065 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −95 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Madison city, in four figures

6,065
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate. The survey’s 2020–⁠2024 figure is 6,094 ±19.; −1.5%
Change since July 2020: −95 people.; 40.1 ±2.4
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $65,593 ±$9,132
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. The Bureau publishes no births, deaths or migration for a place, so the change is the difference between one July estimate and the next.

Madison city, South Dakota's population shrank 1.5% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Madison city, South Dakota's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — incorporated places and New England towns

About this chart

The figures

Madison city, South Dakota's population shrank 1.5% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Madison city, South Dakota's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	6,160	100.0	100.0
2021	6,063	98.4	100.2
2022	6,077	98.7	100.7
2023	6,107	99.1	101.6
2024	6,101	99.0	102.5
2025	6,065	98.5	103.1

Population of Madison city, South Dakota on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change
2020	6,160	—
2021	6,063	−97
2022	6,077	+14
2023	6,107	+30
2024	6,101	−6
2025	6,065	−36

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 40.1 ±2.4: for men 36.5 ±5.7 and for women 43.4 ±3.7. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Madison city by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	South Dakota	United States
Under 5	291 ±56	4.8% ±0.9	6.3% ±0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	873 ±165	14.3% ±2.7	17.9% ±0.2	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	924 ±193	15.2% ±3.2	9.3% ±0.4	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	1,428 ±208	23.4% ±3.4	25.2% ±0.2	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	1,194 ±202	19.6% ±3.3	23.3% ±0.2	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	1,384 ±229	22.7% ±3.8	18.0% ±0.3	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $65,593 ±$9,132, and income per person $36,282 ±$5,105, in 2024 dollars. The median is $75,081 ±$888 in South Dakota and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Madison city by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	South Dakota	United States
Under $25,000	507 ±147	19.7% ±5.6	14.0% ±0.4	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	485 ±176	18.8% ±6.8	18.5% ±0.5	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	456 ±141	17.7% ±5.4	17.4% ±0.4	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	387 ±124	15.0% ±4.7	14.6% ±0.4	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	486 ±143	18.9% ±5.5	18.9% ±0.5	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	46 to 230	1.8% to 8.9%	8.5% ±0.3	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	40 to 188	1.6% to 7.3%	8.1% ±0.4	13.4% ±0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Madison city by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	South Dakota	United States
All ages	531 ±203	9.5% ±3.6	11.9% ±0.4	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	53 to 275	4.9% to 23.2%	14.3% ±0.6	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	280 ±108	9.9% ±3.7	11.8% ±0.5	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	36 to 138	2.3% to 8.3%	9.7% ±0.4	11.0% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Madison city, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Madison city	South Dakota	United States
Housing units	2,870 ±130	408,584 ±422	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	89.7% ±2.8	89.5% ±0.4	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	10.3% ±4.6	10.5% ±0.4	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	60.2% ±5.8	68.6% ±0.5	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	39.8% ±6.2	31.4% ±0.5	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$193,100 ±$35,727	$257,400 ±$3,051	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$981 ±$114	$946 ±$11	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1970 ±5	1980 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Madison city by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	South Dakota	United States
Hispanic or Latino	264 ±112	4.3% ±1.8	4.8% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	5,561 ±136	91.3% ±2.2	79.8% ±0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	13 to 147	0.2% to 2.4%	2.1% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	1 to 97	< 0.1% to 1.6%	1.4% ±0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	5 to 99	0.1% to 1.6%	7.1% ±0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 52	0% to 0.9%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 15	0% to 0.2%	0.3% ±0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	12 to 126	0.2% to 2.1%	4.4% ±0.2	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Madison city by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	South Dakota	United States
Born in the state	3,861 ±323	63.4% ±5.3	62.4% ±0.4	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	2,082 ±329	34.2% ±5.4	32.9% ±0.4	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	0 to 45	0% to 0.7%	0.7% ±0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	41 to 217	0.7% to 3.6%	4.0% ±0.2	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	33 to 155	0.5% to 2.5%	1.7% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	0 to 75	0% to 1.2%	2.3% ±0.2	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Madison city among the places of South Dakota

18th of 19 places of 5,000 or more by the survey’s 2020–2024 count. Every one is listed on the South Dakota page.

Places of South Dakota near Madison city in population, ACS 2020–2024
Place	ACS 2020–⁠2024
Brandon city	10,996 ±30
Harrisburg city	8,519 ±18
Sturgis city	7,086 ±30
Rapid Valley CDP	6,975 ±823
Tea city	6,786 ±17
Madison city	6,094 ±19
Belle Fourche city	5,804 ±18

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — incorporated places and New England towns — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026