Demographics of Greenfield city, Massachusetts

Greenfield city, Massachusetts had 17,691 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −23 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Greenfield city, in four figures

17,691
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate. The survey’s 2020–⁠2024 figure is 17,664 ±24.; −0.1%
Change since July 2020: −23 people.; 44.6 ±2.1
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $55,614 ±$7,382
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. The Bureau publishes no births, deaths or migration for a place, so the change is the difference between one July estimate and the next.

Greenfield city, Massachusetts's population shrank 0.1% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Greenfield city, Massachusetts's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

Source: The Census Bureau

About this chart

The figures

Greenfield city, Massachusetts's population shrank 0.1% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Greenfield city, Massachusetts's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	17,714	100.0	100.0
2021	17,700	99.9	100.2
2022	17,703	99.9	100.7
2023	17,642	99.6	101.6
2024	17,745	100.2	102.5
2025	17,691	99.9	103.1

Population of Greenfield city, Massachusetts on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change
2020	17,714	—
2021	17,700	−14
2022	17,703	+3
2023	17,642	−61
2024	17,745	+103
2025	17,691	−54

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 44.6 ±2.1: for men 43.1 ±2.6 and for women 46.6 ±2.7. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Greenfield city by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Massachusetts	United States
Under 5	747 ±159	4.2% ±0.9	5.0% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	2,482 ±295	14.1% ±1.7	14.4% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	1,228 ±226	7.0% ±1.3	9.8% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	4,456 ±398	25.2% ±2.3	27.1% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	4,622 ±381	26.2% ±2.2	25.9% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	4,129 ±391	23.4% ±2.2	17.9% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $55,614 ±$7,382, and income per person $35,425 ±$2,174, in 2024 dollars. The median is $103,960 ±$527 in Massachusetts and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Greenfield city by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Massachusetts	United States
Under $25,000	1,889 ±303	23.1% ±3.6	13.2% ±0.2	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	1,680 ±286	20.5% ±3.4	12.5% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	1,326 ±247	16.2% ±3.0	12.0% ±0.2	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	1,199 ±245	14.7% ±3.0	10.7% ±0.2	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,246 ±231	15.2% ±2.8	17.5% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	461 ±117	5.6% ±1.4	11.9% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	381 ±120	4.7% ±1.5	22.3% ±0.2	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Greenfield city by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Massachusetts	United States
All ages	2,581 ±510	15.2% ±3.0	10.0% ±0.1	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	468 ±161	15.3% ±4.9	11.7% ±0.3	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	1,312 ±245	14.6% ±2.6	9.3% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	801 ±220	16.2% ±4.2	10.4% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Greenfield city, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Greenfield city	Massachusetts	United States
Housing units	8,723 ±240	3,030,406 ±453	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	93.8% ±1.3	91.9% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	6.2% ±1.9	8.1% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	55.7% ±2.8	62.5% ±0.3	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	44.3% ±3.0	37.5% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$263,100 ±$16,241	$562,100 ±$2,169	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$1,107 ±$67	$1,762 ±$9	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1947 ±4	1964 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Greenfield city by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Massachusetts	United States
Hispanic or Latino	1,029 ±307	5.8% ±1.7	13.3% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	15,361 ±321	87.0% ±1.8	66.6% ±0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	396 ±123	2.2% ±0.7	6.4% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	440 ±128	2.5% ±0.7	7.3% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 13	0% to 0.1%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 52	0% to 0.3%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 240	< 0.1% to 1.4%	1.2% ±0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	292 ±99	1.7% ±0.6	5.1% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Greenfield city by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Massachusetts	United States
Born in the state	11,697 ±519	66.2% ±2.9	58.7% ±0.2	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	4,622 ±476	26.2% ±2.7	20.3% ±0.2	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	97 to 303	0.5% to 1.7%	2.9% ±0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	1,145 ±290	6.5% ±1.6	18.0% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	694 ±229	3.9% ±1.3	9.7% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	451 ±164	2.6% ±0.9	8.3% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Greenfield city among the places and towns of Massachusetts

117th of 291 places and towns of 5,000 or more by the survey’s 2020–2024 count. Every one is listed on the Massachusetts page.

Places of Massachusetts near Greenfield city in population, ACS 2020–2024
Place	ACS 2020–⁠2024
Concord town	18,223 ±21
Southbridge Town city	17,928 ±32
South Hadley town	17,754 ±22
Webster town	17,748 ±66
Rockland town	17,701 ±36
Greenfield city	17,664 ±24
Bellingham town	17,410 ±19
Amesbury city	17,403 ±31
Swansea town	17,359 ±20
Abington CDP	17,053 ±25
Auburn town	16,970 ±23

Rankings this appears in

No. 6 Places in Massachusetts by poverty rate
No. 35 Places in Massachusetts by median age
No. 45 Places in Massachusetts by Hispanic or Latino share
No. 110 Places in Massachusetts by foreign-born share
No. 193 Places in Massachusetts by median rent
No. 236 Places in Massachusetts by homeownership rate

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — incorporated places and New England towns — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Compiled automatically from Census Bureau population estimates — incorporated places and New England towns and American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File by a checked SQL query · Editor: Kian O'Connor · How this site is built

Data retrieved September 25, 2026