Demographics of Orleans County, New York

Orleans County, New York had 39,825 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: −222 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Orleans County, in four figures

39,825
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; −0.6%
Change since July 2020: −222 people.; 43.5 ±0.4
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $65,969 ±$3,199
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Orleans County, New York's population shrank 0.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Orleans County, New York's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

Source: The Census Bureau

About this chart

The figures

Orleans County, New York's population shrank 0.6% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Orleans County, New York's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	40,047	100.0	100.0
2021	39,783	99.3	100.2
2022	39,510	98.7	100.7
2023	39,567	98.8	101.6
2024	39,886	99.6	102.5
2025	39,825	99.4	103.1

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Population of Orleans County, New York on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	40,047	−365	−44	0	−270
2021	39,783	−264	−88	+10	−200
2022	39,510	−273	−122	+37	−167
2023	39,567	+57	−58	+54	+70
2024	39,886	+319	−71	+133	+258
2025	39,825	−61	−79	+89	−73

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 43.5 ±0.4: for men 41.3 ±1.0 and for women 45.9 ±0.6. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Orleans County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	New York	United States
Under 5	1,864 ±138	4.7% ±0.3	5.4% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	5,569 ±333	14.1% ±0.8	15.0% ±<0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	2,857 ±320	7.2% ±0.8	8.9% ±<0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	10,004 ±412	25.3% ±1.0	27.1% ±<0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	11,447 ±457	28.9% ±1.2	25.6% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	7,867 ±442	19.9% ±1.1	17.9% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $65,969 ±$3,199, and income per person $35,307 ±$2,125, in 2024 dollars. The median is $85,974 ±$402 in New York and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Orleans County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	New York	United States
Under $25,000	2,576 ±404	15.9% ±2.5	16.0% ±0.1	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	3,675 ±421	22.7% ±2.6	15.1% ±0.1	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	2,739 ±349	16.9% ±2.1	13.6% ±0.1	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	2,404 ±289	14.8% ±1.8	11.4% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,620 ±298	16.2% ±1.8	16.7% ±0.1	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	1,600 ±273	9.9% ±1.7	10.1% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	606 ±146	3.7% ±0.9	17.1% ±0.1	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Orleans County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	New York	United States
All ages	4,814 ±770	12.7% ±2.0	14.0% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	1,183 ±262	16.3% ±3.5	18.3% ±0.2	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	2,653 ±533	13.4% ±2.6	12.8% ±0.1	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	978 ±222	9.1% ±2.0	13.1% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Orleans County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Orleans County	New York	United States
Housing units	18,326 ±64	8,585,241 ±652	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	88.5% ±1.5	90.0% ±0.1	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	11.5% ±1.5	10.0% ±0.1	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	77.2% ±2.3	54.3% ±0.2	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	22.8% ±2.2	45.7% ±0.1	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$140,800 ±$5,866	$423,800 ±$1,627	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$874 ±$35	$1,621 ±$7	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1955 ±3	1959 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Orleans County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	New York	United States
Hispanic or Latino	2,165 ±0	5.5% ±<0.1	19.8% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	33,500 ±247	84.6% ±0.6	52.8% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	1,924 ±167	4.9% ±0.4	13.4% ±<0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	303 ±63	0.8% ±0.2	9.0% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	78 to 240	0.2% to 0.6%	0.2% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 29	0% to 0.1%	< 0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	153 ±75	0.4% ±0.2	1.0% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	1,404 ±324	3.5% ±0.8	3.8% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Orleans County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	New York	United States
Born in the state	33,513 ±617	84.6% ±1.6	62.4% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	4,435 ±581	11.2% ±1.5	12.3% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	104 to 414	0.3% to 1.0%	2.5% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	1,401 ±245	3.5% ±0.6	22.8% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	728 ±179	1.8% ±0.5	13.6% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	673 ±211	1.7% ±0.5	9.2% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Orleans County among the counties of New York

54th of 62 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the New York page.

Counties of New York near Orleans County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Allegany County	46,800	+0.9%
Franklin County	46,500	−1.6%
Cortland County	45,850	−1.9%
Chenango County	45,715	−2.9%
Delaware County	44,305	+0.2%
Orleans County	39,825	−0.6%
Wyoming County	39,741	−1.3%
Essex County	36,438	−2.2%
Seneca County	32,883	−1.7%
Schoharie County	30,176	+1.4%
Lewis County	26,479	−0.3%

Elsewhere on the site

Rankings this appears in

No. 26 Counties by population growth in New York
No. 54 Counties by population in New York

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Compiled automatically from Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change and American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File by a checked SQL query · Editor: Kian O'Connor · How this site is built

Data retrieved September 25, 2026