Demographics of Cumberland County, Virginia

Cumberland County, Virginia had 10,352 people on July 1, 2025, by the Census Bureau’s estimate: +672 since July 2020. Age, income, poverty, housing and origin below come from the American Community Survey, averaged over 2020–2024, each with its margin of error.

Cumberland County, in four figures

10,352
Population: July 1, 2025, Vintage 2025 estimate.; +6.9%
Change since July 2020: +672 people.; 43.5 ±2.5
Median age: ACS 2020–⁠2024.; $55,325 ±$6,015
Median household income: ACS 2020–⁠2024, in 2024 dollars.

Population, year by year

July 1 estimates from the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025. Each year's change is births less deaths, net moves from abroad and net moves from elsewhere in the country, with the Bureau's small residual. The 2020 row's components run 3 months, from the April census to July 1.

Cumberland County, Virginia's population grew 6.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally

The July 1 estimate of Cumberland County, Virginia's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).

U.S. Census Bureau — Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change

About this chart

The figures

Cumberland County, Virginia's population grew 6.9% from July 2020 to July 2025, against +3.1% nationally. The July 1 estimate of Cumberland County, Virginia's resident population and the nation's, each year of the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025, as a share of its July 2020 level (= 100).
July 1	Population	Index	United States
2020	9,680	100.0	100.0
2021	9,721	100.4	100.2
2022	9,758	100.8	100.7
2023	9,914	102.4	101.6
2024	10,203	105.4	102.5
2025	10,352	106.9	103.1

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Population of Cumberland County, Virginia on July 1 of each year, Vintage 2025
July 1	Population	Change	Births less deaths	From abroad	From elsewhere in the country
2020	9,680	−10	−12	0	−1
2021	9,721	+41	−41	+4	+73
2022	9,758	+37	−60	+15	+85
2023	9,914	+156	−44	+36	+166
2024	10,203	+289	−29	+108	+208
2025	10,352	+149	−33	+9	+177

Age, 2020–2024

The median age is 43.5 ±2.5: for men 40.8 ±3.4 and for women 45.8 ±4.2. Shares are of everyone the survey counts, in the Bureau’s sex-by-age table (B01001).

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People in Cumberland County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	People	Share	Virginia	United States
Under 5	454 ±116	4.6% ±1.2	5.6% ±<0.1	5.6% ±<0.1
5 to 17	1,465 ±283	14.9% ±2.9	16.1% ±0.1	16.3% ±<0.1
18 to 24	600 ±144	6.1% ±1.5	9.3% ±0.1	9.1% ±<0.1
25 to 44	2,532 ±312	25.8% ±3.2	27.1% ±0.1	26.9% ±<0.1
45 to 64	2,455 ±288	25.0% ±2.9	25.3% ±0.1	24.8% ±<0.1
65 and over	2,312 ±315	23.5% ±3.2	16.7% ±0.1	17.2% ±<0.1

Income and poverty, 2020–2024

Median household income is $55,325 ±$6,015, and income per person $37,339 ±$4,061, in 2024 dollars. The median is $93,170 ±$458 in Virginia and $80,734 ±$166 in the United States.

Households by income

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Households in Cumberland County by income, ACS 2020–2024
Household income	Households	Share	Virginia	United States
Under $25,000	574 ±182	14.3% ±4.5	12.2% ±0.2	14.6% ±<0.1
$25,000 to $49,999	1,121 ±249	28.0% ±6.0	14.5% ±0.2	16.7% ±<0.1
$50,000 to $74,999	892 ±213	22.2% ±5.2	14.3% ±0.2	15.5% ±<0.1
$75,000 to $99,999	414 ±128	10.3% ±3.1	12.1% ±0.1	12.6% ±<0.1
$100,000 to $149,999	487 ±149	12.1% ±3.6	18.1% ±0.2	17.5% ±<0.1
$150,000 to $199,999	211 ±91	5.3% ±2.2	11.1% ±0.1	9.6% ±<0.1
$200,000 or more	311 ±124	7.8% ±3.1	17.7% ±0.2	13.4% ±0.1

Poverty by age

The poverty rate is the share of people whose family income is below the federal threshold for their family’s size, of everyone for whom the Bureau determines it (B17020).

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Poverty rate in Cumberland County by age, ACS 2020–2024
Age	Below poverty	Rate	Virginia	United States
All ages	838 ±277	8.5% ±2.8	9.9% ±0.2	12.5% ±0.1
Under 18	23 to 129	1.3% to 6.7%	12.3% ±0.3	16.1% ±0.1
18 to 59	385 ±181	8.2% ±3.8	9.4% ±0.2	11.6% ±0.1
60 and over	377 ±149	11.8% ±4.5	8.9% ±0.2	11.0% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Housing, 2020–2024

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Housing in Cumberland County, ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Cumberland County	Virginia	United States
Housing units	4,736 ±14	3,684,756 ±486	143,775,355 ±10,234
Occupied	84.7% ±5.0	91.3% ±0.2	89.9% ±0.1
Vacant	15.3% ±5.0	8.7% ±0.2	10.1% ±0.1
Owner occupied	75.9% ±3.1	67.3% ±0.4	65.2% ±0.3
Renter occupied	24.1% ±5.2	32.7% ±0.2	34.8% ±0.1
Median home value	$239,300 ±$14,697	$383,700 ±$1,024	$332,700 ±$236
Median gross rent	$877 ±$25	$1,579 ±$8	$1,413 ±$2
Median year built	1986 ±3	1984 ±1	1980 ±1

Occupied and vacant are shares of all housing units; owner and renter occupied are shares of occupied units. Value and rent are medians in 2024 dollars.

Origin and place of birth, 2020–2024

Hispanic or Latino origin is not a race in the Census Bureau’s tables. Here the people of Hispanic origin, of any race, are one row, and everyone else is counted by race alone (B03002), so the rows add to the whole.

Hispanic origin and race

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People in Cumberland County by Hispanic origin and race, ACS 2020–2024
Origin	People	Share	Virginia	United States
Hispanic or Latino	36 to 366	0.4% to 3.7%	11.0% ±<0.1	19.3% ±<0.1
White alone, not Hispanic	6,290 ±26	64.1% ±0.3	58.4% ±<0.1	57.4% ±<0.1
Black alone, not Hispanic	2,887 ±194	29.4% ±2.0	18.3% ±0.1	11.9% ±<0.1
Asian alone, not Hispanic	0 to 19	0% to 0.2%	6.9% ±<0.1	5.9% ±<0.1
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0 to 14	0% to 0.1%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.5% ±<0.1
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0 to 35	0% to 0.4%	0.1% ±<0.1	0.2% ±<0.1
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0 to 35	0% to 0.4%	0.6% ±<0.1	0.6% ±<0.1
Two or more races, not Hispanic	408 ±178	4.2% ±1.8	4.7% ±0.1	4.3% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Place of birth and citizenship

“Born a citizen outside the states” counts people born in Puerto Rico, the island areas, or abroad to American parents. Naturalized citizens and those who are not citizens together make up the people born abroad (B05002).

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People in Cumberland County by place of birth and citizenship, ACS 2020–2024
Born	People	Share	Virginia	United States
Born in the state	7,463 ±322	76.0% ±3.3	48.8% ±0.1	57.3% ±<0.1
Born in another state	2,084 ±330	21.2% ±3.4	35.9% ±0.2	26.9% ±<0.1
Born a citizen outside the states	0 to 220	0% to 2.2%	2.1% ±<0.1	1.7% ±<0.1
Born abroad	45 to 283	0.5% to 2.9%	13.1% ±0.1	14.1% ±<0.1
Naturalized citizens	25 to 203	0.3% to 2.1%	7.4% ±0.1	7.4% ±<0.1
Not citizens	0 to 118	0% to 1.2%	5.7% ±0.1	6.8% ±<0.1

A range (the estimate less and plus its margin) where the Bureau's estimate is too uncertain to state as one number: a coefficient of variation over 30%.

Cumberland County among the counties of Virginia

116th of 133 by population, July 2025. Every one is listed on the Virginia page.

Counties of Virginia near Cumberland County in population, July 2025
County	July 2025	Change since 2020
Greensville County	11,181	−1.8%
Lancaster County	10,995	+0.9%
Middlesex County	10,841	+2.2%
Sussex County	10,755	−0.4%
Essex County	10,654	+0.5%
Cumberland County	10,352	+6.9%
Richmond County	9,294	+4.2%
Mathews County	8,529	+0.1%
Franklin city	8,478	+4.1%
Lexington city	7,769	+6.2%
Rappahannock County	7,439	+1.6%

Elsewhere on the site

Sources

Census Bureau population estimates — counties and Puerto Rico municipios, with components of change — U.S. Census Bureau · U.S. Government work · retrieved September 25, 2026
American Community Survey 5-year estimates — table-based Summary File · U.S. Government work

Data retrieved September 25, 2026