Agencies by federal employment

Veterans Health Administration employs 420,521 people, more than any other federal sub-agency and about one in 5 of everyone the Office of Personnel Management publishes.

American Factbook Research

Federal civilian employees by sub-agency · March 1, 2025

Federal civilian employees by sub-agency, March 1, 2025
Rank	Name	employees
1	Veterans Health Administration	420,521
2	Internal Revenue Service	101,312
3	Air Force Materiel Command	71,560
4	Customs and Border Protection	66,839
5	Transportation Security Administration	66,112
6	Social Security Administration	56,263
7	Federal Aviation Administration	46,335
8	Military Treatment Facilities Under Dha	44,777
9	U.s. Army Corps of Engineers	38,650
10	Naval Sea Systems Command	37,192
11	Federal Bureau of Investigation	36,896
12	Bureau of Prisons/Federal Prison System	36,050
13	United States Fleet Forces Command	35,094
14	Veterans Benefits Administration	34,126
15	Forest Service	32,624
16	Naval Air Systems Command	29,913
17	Army National Guard Units	27,731
18	Federal Emergency Management Agency	25,922
19	U.s. Pacific Fleet, Commander in Chief	25,904
20	Defense Logistics Agency	23,896
21	United States Army Installation Management Command	23,199
22	Citizenship and Immigration Services	22,636
23	National Institutes of Health	21,299
24	Food and Drug Administration	20,721
25	Immigration and Customs Enforcement	20,692
26	U.s. Marine Corps	18,167
27	Naval Facilities Engineering Command	18,163
28	National Park Service	17,980
29	Environmental Protection Agency	16,557
30	United States Army Futures Command	16,428
31	Department of Energy	15,891
32	Air Education and Training Command	15,054
33	Department of Defense Education Activity	14,752
34	Patent and Trademark Office	14,369
35	Air National Guard Units	14,238
36	Department of State	14,163
37	Indian Health Service	13,860
38	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention	12,581
39	Air Combat Command	12,307
40	U.s. Census Bureau	12,300
41	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration	12,267
42	Natural Resources Conservation Service	11,840
43	Executive Office for U.s. Attorneys and the Offices of the U.s. Attorneys	11,459
44	Defense Commissary Agency	11,238
45	Commander, Naval Information Warfare Systems Command (Navwarsyscom)	10,932
46	U.s. Army Training and Doctrine Command	10,907
47	Commander, Navy Installations	10,817
48	Defense Finance and Accounting Service	10,735
49	U.s. Army Tank-Automotive and Armament Command (Tacom)	10,010
50	Bureau of Land Management	9,853
51	Headquarters, Air Force Reserve Command	9,848
52	Defense Contract Management Agency	9,665
53	U.s. Coast Guard	9,583
54	Drug Enforcement Administration	8,871
55	U.s. Fish and Wildlife Service	8,724
56	Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service	8,512
57	Deputy Assistant Secretary for Information and Technology	8,416
58	U.s. Army Reserve Command	8,375
59	Geological Survey	8,305
60	Food Safety and Inspection Service	8,240
61	Small Business Administration	8,164
62	U.s. Secret Service	8,148
63	Air Mobility Command	7,593
64	Naval Supply Systems Command	7,241
65	Offices, Boards and Divisions	7,053
66	U.s. Army Aviation and Missile Command	6,889
67	Agricultural Research Service	6,874
68	Defense Information Systems Agency	6,823
69	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services	6,620
70	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation	6,487
71	Defense Health Agency	6,118
72	Bureau of Reclamation	5,771
73	Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency	5,644
74	Dhs Headquarters	5,608
75	U.s. Army Communications Electronics Command	5,601
76	U.s. Army Acquisition Support Center	5,576
77	U.s. Marshals Service	5,568
78	Public Buildings Service	5,526
79	Directorate for Administrations, Logistics, and Operations (Dalo)	5,497
80	U. S. Army Contracting Command	5,189
81	Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives	5,168
82	U.s. Army Joint Munitions Command	5,119
83	Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response	4,989
84	U.s. Agency for International Development	4,922
85	Rural Development	4,780
86	Securities and Exchange Commission	4,744
87	Federal Acquisition Service	4,678
88	United States Army Cyber Command	4,612
89	Naval Education and Training Command	4,577
90	Us Army Civilian Human Resources Agency	4,372
91	Agricultural Marketing Service	4,370
92	U.s. Army Sustainment Command	4,330
93	Bureau of Naval Personnel	4,298
94	Air Force Global Strike Command	4,097
95	National Institute of Standards and Technology	3,874
96	Indian Affairs	3,859
97	U.s. Army Test and Evaluation Command	3,797
98	Defense Contract Audit Agency	3,768
99	Pacific Air Forces	3,742
100	Smithsonian Institution (Except Units Administered Under Separate Boards of Trustees)	3,647
101	Office of the Comptroller of the Currency	3,583
102	U.s. Army Intelligence and Security Command	3,447
103	U.s. Army Medical Command	3,333
104	Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency	3,323
105	Bureau of the Fiscal Service	3,278
106	Farm Service Agency	3,262
107	Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center	3,142
108	Bureau of Indian Education	3,071
109	Air Force Civilian Career Training	3,056
110	Goddard Space Flight Center	3,042
111	Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services	3,036
112	Office of the Secretary of the Interior	3,034
113	Office of Naval Research	3,018
114	Federal Highway Administration	2,967
115	Nuclear Regulatory Commission	2,941
116	Office of Personnel Management	2,941
117	Office of General Counsel	2,904
118	Missile Defense Agency	2,903
119	Space Systems Command	2,855
120	Defense Human Resources Activity	2,828
121	National Archives and Records Administration	2,810
122	Joint Activities	2,773
123	Office of the Secretary of Defense	2,689
124	Health Resources and Services Administration	2,679
125	U.s. Army Recruiting Command and U.s. Army Cadet Command	2,666
126	Executive Office for Immigration Review	2,621
127	Departmental Offices	2,613
128	U. S. Military Entrance Processing Command	2,600
129	U.s. Army Forces Command	2,576
130	Hq Usaf and Support Elements	2,510
131	United States Space Force	2,421
132	National Cemetery Administration	2,395
133	Administration for Children and Families	2,296
134	George C. Marshall Space Flight Center	2,276
135	Bureau of Labor Statistics	2,268
136	Immediate Office of the Chief of Naval Operations	2,214
137	Headquarters, Nasa	2,129
138	John F. Kennedy Space Center	2,070
139	Equal Employment Opportunity Commission	2,028
140	Naval Medical Command	2,020
141	Office of the Chief Human Capital Officer	1,932
142	Office of the Secretary of Transportation	1,916
143	Bureau of Engraving and Printing	1,913
144	U.s. Special Operations Command (Army)	1,887
145	Office of the Inspector General	1,832
146	Food and Nutrition Service	1,796
147	Occupational Safety and Health Administration	1,793
148	Langley Research Center	1,787
149	U.s. Air Forces, Europe	1,689
150	Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection	1,661
151	Washington Headquarters Services	1,653
152	Government Printing Office	1,649
153	Mine Safety and Health Administration	1,648
154	Strategic Systems Programs (Ssp)	1,637
155	Air Force Personnel Center	1,625
156	U.s. Army Criminal Investigation Command	1,611
157	Air Force Special Operations Command	1,607
158	National Science Foundation	1,601
159	Fpac Business Center	1,588
160	U.s. Mint	1,584
161	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission	1,581
162	Office of the Chief Information Officer	1,576
163	United States Space Force Forces	1,556
164	Office of Inspector General	1,535
165	U.s. Army, Pacific	1,489
166	Deputy Assistant Secretary for Finance	1,477
167	Federal Communications Commission	1,473
168	Immediate Office of the Chief of Staff of the Army	1,469
169	Office of Workers' Compensation Programs	1,441
170	International Trade Administration	1,438
171	Us Army Human Resources Command (Dru)	1,438
172	John Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field	1,423
173	Board of Veterans Appeals	1,419
174	Federal Student Aid	1,413
175	Air Force Elements, U.s. Strategic Command	1,399
176	Wage and Hour Division	1,382
177	Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers	1,365
178	U.s. Air Force Academy	1,352
179	Defense Threat Reduction Agency	1,344
180	Air Force District of Washington	1,321
181	Ames Research Center	1,314
182	Hqda Field Operating Agencies and Staff Support Agencies and Staff Support Agencies	1,306
183	Navy Systems Management Activity	1,302
184	National Air and Space Intelligence Center	1,291
185	U.s. Army Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command	1,272
186	Executive Director, Office of Acquisition and Logistics	1,261
187	Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration	1,260
188	Federal Trade Commission	1,244
189	National Labor Relations Board	1,237
190	Naval Special Warfare Command	1,228
191	Field Operating Offices of the Office of the Secretary of the Army	1,219
192	National Credit Union Administration	1,214
193	Federal Railroad Administration	1,193
194	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Administration and Management	1,193
195	Air Force Office of Special Investigations	1,170
196	National Reconnaissance Office	1,163
197	U.s. Agency for Global Media	1,160
198	Office of the Secretary of the Army	1,150
199	Inspector General	1,144
200	Employment and Training Administration	1,138

What this data cannot show

The rows are sub-agencies, because that is the grain OPM publishes. Rolling them into departments here would produce a departmental total OPM did not publish.
OPM does not publish every federal employee. The intelligence community and some Department of Defense positions are excluded, so an agency absent from this table has not got no employees.
This table shows the largest 200 of 499 sub-agencies OPM published for the period.

Sources

OPM FedScope Employment Summary Data — U.S. Office of Personnel Management · U.S. Government work, public domain (17 U.S.C. 105) · retrieved September 19, 2026

Last updated September 19, 2026

Federal civilian employees by sub-agency · March 1, 2025

What this data cannot show

Related

Sources